11 May 2023

How much do referee checks really tell you about a job seeker?

| Zoya Patel
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job application graphic

You always put your best self on a job application, right? You’d better hope your referees agree. Image: File.

This week, a friend accidentally had a recruiter email them a copy of a referee report that their current employer had completed for them. The information was meant to be confidential, so that could have been disastrous, but luckily the feedback was all glowing in this instance.

It made me think, though, that all referee reports should be validated by the candidate. Or, at the very least, they should be critically analysed by hiring officers because the one-way process allows far too much room for misunderstanding and misrepresentation.

I’ve done a lot of reference checks for former staff, and I enjoy doing it. I have found that where a relationship hasn’t been productive with an employee, they generally don’t ask me to be their referee anyway, so the people I do give references are always ones I am very happy to support.

But I have heard and seen some pretty unfair behaviour via reference checks, especially where a former employee is criticised for something they were never made aware of when they were actually employed.

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I had a former team member once apply for a role they would have been perfect for, which they then didn’t get. I wasn’t their referee, but a colleague was, whom I later met for coffee. They told me that they had been perfectly ‘honest’ in their report and noted the jobseeker’s ‘too direct’ approach to advocating for themselves and others in the organisation when needed.

What they were referring to was actually an incident where our former employee had suffered discrimination in the workplace and had gently but firmly called it out. They were never informed that their communication was seen as ‘too direct’ and so had no opportunity to respond to that criticism, which later cost them a job. Of course, they had more than one reference completed, but it only takes one negative comment to pull apart your job prospects.

On a different note, I have a former employer who actively prevents managers in the organisation from providing referee checks for current or former staff. His justification is that former staff should no longer benefit from the organisation’s time and resources (though the implication is reference checks shouldn’t even be provided on the referee’s own time) and that current staff seeking new employment shouldn’t be supported. To my mind, this is incredibly unfair and unnecessarily punitive.

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Reference checks are one of the only ways new employers can get a sense of a candidate’s performance outside their own accounts, but they still leave plenty of room for bias, sabotage and inaccuracies. Surely there’s a better way to assess someone’s character and behaviour at work and their performance.

I would be more interested in hearing what a candidate’s peers had to say about them than their supervisor, as often the most productive and important relationships at work are within a team of equals, and supervisors can have little meaningful direct contact with an employee.

Regardless, my rule of thumb is that I wouldn’t say anything in a referee check that I haven’t already said to my former employee at some point – there are no surprises if there’s open communication.

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Referee checks should only be one part of the selection process, the last bit at the end when you’ve already selected your shortlist. Then you do a 360 degree check, talking to a peer, a subordinate and a boss, but not from the current job as the current boss has their own agenda. Phone is best, as you get instant responses and hear the change in tone of voice etc. which you can then investigate further.

Any hesitation or avoidance in answering a question needs to be explored, as there can be many reasons for it. Sometimes it’s because the person is trying to find the right words. Sometimes it’s because they’re upset that they may lose their best worker or a close colleague. Sometimes it’s because there is a problem, but it may not be the fault of the person who’s leaving.

Personally, I wouldn’t hire back someone who wanted to leave, as if they’ve already decided to leave, they’re no longer invested in their current role. They’ve begun departing emotionally if not physically. That doesn’t mean they wouldn’t be a good hire in a new role.

I don’t understand the APS system of requiring a current supervisor to provide a referee report. It risks the employee’s current role and relationships in their current workplace. Private employers do not do this.

Capital Retro9:05 am 11 May 23

I used to phone the former employers when they were nominated by the applicant and ask them directly if they would re-employ the applicant.

If the slightest hesitation was detected in the response the applicant would receive no further consideration.

Bob the impala11:46 am 11 May 23

A rather crude and superficial approach, Capital Retro.

What if the employee is trying to leave an ill-fitting job for one more suitable, for example?
Even for the same job in a different place, why should one mis-step condemn an employee for life, as implied if everyone took your action?
What if problems at the other employer were owing to short term personal issues (e.g. divorce) and a change of milieu were necessary?
Why did you assume the other employer was competent?

@Capital Retro
You were obviously dealing with private enterprise and/or contracted employment, CR – where word of mouth (and arguably more truthful) referee reports are SOP.

@Bob the impala
Very valid points. However, I have similar experience to CR.

Having worked in IT contracting for many years, I quickly learned Canberra is a small place (especially in IT contracting) and most “referee reports” were provided over the phone and often unbeknown to the applicant.

I know of contractors who got a “bad reputation” and it definitely followed them.

Is it fair? Probably not – but that was the nature (risk?) of that particular form of engagement.

Capital Retro12:23 pm 11 May 23

My only regret is that you were not one of the applicants.

Bob the impala1:12 pm 11 May 23

JustSaying, if it was fair, then good call. If it was not fair, then why support it? I recognise you appear to be talking about other reputations and not decisions you made.

It is, yet again, people’s lack of curiosity, enquiry, against which I was railing.

Capital Retro, that fits.

@Bob the impala
There was no governance around ‘selection’ of IT contractors in Canberra in my day. I’m not saying I supported it per se, but I certainly lived with it.

The recruitment agency put you forward for a contract and you went to an ‘interview’ with the prospective ’employer’. Then later that day or thereabouts, you get told if you got the contract or not. There was no paperwork to do with the ‘selection process’ and unless the ‘referee’ told you, you had no idea who had been contacted.

I don’t believe it’s changed much, if at all, since I got out.

Jenny Graves4:31 pm 11 May 23

What if the former employer had been sexually harassing the applicant and had been called out for it? That’s just one example of where your idea would fall down.

Capital Retro12:08 pm 12 May 23

It wasn’t an idea, it was standard practice. You public servants don’t have a clue, do you.

TruthinMedia8:12 am 11 May 23

I stopped doing referee reports years ago when I worked in the US running my own company because of the real risk of litigation by both the applicant and their eventual employer. As to Australia, three things. The first is that sometimes good people want to move on for family commitments and work culture (work hours, travel etc) reasons conflicting and might be damned with faint praise because of this. The second is that this push to bring seniors back into the workforce is problematic because many, like me, have Ben out of the workforce force-15 years, often running our own side hustles so a current referee is a problem. The third is that I have had to ghost past colleagues who out of the blue after many years request a referee report; what possible use is a report from that far ago (these do not fall into the Seniors category needing a hand). Recruiters should use multiple interviews and psych evals to assess candidates, the referee ‘system’ is too flawed.

Gee with all the stupid “psych” tests, assessment centres, personality tests and horoscopes it’s no wonder employers are just replacing workers with AI.

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